Ct findings of 11 cases with pathologically proved dysgerminoma of ovary were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment of pure dysgerminomas of the ovary with preservation of. Depending on the figo stage at presentation the prognosis of dysgerminomas after surgical treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is promising. Ovarian germ cell tumor dysgerminoma cleveland clinic. It has the highest casefatality rate worldwide because of insidious onset, lack of effective screening methods and late presentation. Dysgerminoma developed in 3 phenotypic female patients with 46 xy pure gonadal dysgenesis. Ovarian germ cell tumor is a disease in which malignant cells form in the germ egg cells of the ovary. Abdominal pain, abdominal distention, and the presence of a palpable mass are common symptoms at presentation. The patient was discharged from the hospital on september 11, 1946, and continued xray therapy on an outpatient basis. Dysgerminoma disease staged below ia ie, confined within the capsule of only 1 ovary is best treated with simple unilateral salpingooophorectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, longterm survival, and fertility outcome of women diagnosed with ovarian dysgerminoma at our institution.
Pdf ovarian dysgerminomas are rare entity and account for only about 2%of all malignant ovarian neoplasm. Dysgerminoma 401 a teratoma, the patient dying of leukaemia chalmers, 1950. Comprehensive surgical stag ing allows to identify patients with a more advanced stage disease that should receive adjuvant chemotherapy. It is diagnosed by physical examination and imaging methods and is treated by salpingooophorectomy, radiation, and chemotherapy. Diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma during pregnancy. A malignant neoplasm of the ovary counterpart of seminoma of the testis, composed of undifferentiated gonadal germinal cells and occurring more frequently in patients less than 20 years of age. Ovarian germ cell tumor is a general name that is used to describe several different types of cancer. Germ cell and stromal tumors of the ovary university of kentucky. The uterus was enlarged compatible with a lli wteks gestation.
This malignancy can be associated with pure gonadal dysgenesis or swyer syndrome, mixed gonadal dysgenesis and partial gonadal dysgenesis. The tumor presented as a solid n 8 or cysticsolid n 3 mass. Dysgerminoma of the ovary europe pmc article europe pmc. A tumor of the identical histology but not occurring in the ovary may be described by an alternate name.
The dual cell type and other characteristics are typical of dysgerminoma of ovary. However, this entity in not recognized in the who classification of tumours of genital system of domestic animals. Immunohistochemistry was suggested for confirmation and to rule out mixed tumor variant. Germ cell tumors arise from primordial germ cells of the ovary and the testis. Management of female malignant ovarian germ cell tumours 1. Ovarian dysgerminomas are rare entity and account for only about 2% of all malignant ovarian neoplasm. We report here a case of gonadoblastoma with dysgerminoma in a 14yearsold girl who presented with a huge tumour, virilisation and normal 46xx karyotype. Advanced ovarian dysgerminoma infiltrating both ovaries. There are four main types of ogcts, namely dysgerminomas, yolk sac tumor, teratoma, and choriocarcinoma dygerminomas are the most common type and are particularly prominent in patients diagnosed with. Ovarian germ cell tumors ogcts are heterogeneous tumors that are derived from the primitive germ cells of the embryonic gonad, which accounts for about 2. Dysgerminoma its not about the bike incidence 112% of ovarian tumors 335% of ovarian malignancies 40% of all gct40% of all gct peak incidence age 19 67% sta67% stage ia 1015% bilaterality 20% in 20% in normal appearing opposite.
The main complication of ovarian dysgerminoma is infertility due to invasion of ovary by tumor or due to side effect of chemotherapy. The neoplasms are grayyellow and firm, contain foci of necrosis and hemorrhage, and tend to be encapsulated. Dysgerminoma of the ovary dysgerminoma of the ovary jose, baby. Occurrence in phenotypically and chromosomally normal women is very rare. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes. The other complications of ovarian dysgerminoma may include. Ovarian dysgerminoma is a rare malignant ovarian germ cell tumor with its peak incidence in young women. It is the most common type of malignant germ cell ovarian cancer, but accounts for less than 1 percent of ovarian tumors overall dysgerminoma usually develops in adolescents, particularly prepubescents, and rarely develops in patients over 50. Signs of ovarian germ cell tumor are swelling of the abdomen or vaginal bleeding after menopause tests that examine the ovaries, pelvic area, blood, and ovarian tissue are used to detect find and diagnose ovarian germ cell tumor. Dysgerminoma is the most common malignant germ cell tumor of the ovary. Distinguishes dysgerminoma from large cell lymphoma, both of which share similar gross appearance, large neoplastic nuclei and infiltrating background lymphocytes features favoring dysgerminoma include presence of fibrous septae and squared off nuclei thickening of the fallopian tube is more suggestive of lymphoma int j gynecol pathol 2008.
Management of female malignant ovarian germ cell tumours. A biopsy should be performed on the contralateral ovary at the time of surgery if the ovary is enlarged or appears abnormal. This is a case report of a girl with agenesis of the uterus, streak ovary and dysgerminoma. Signs of ovarian germ cell tumor are swelling of the abdomen or vaginal bleeding after menopause. Ovarian germ cell tumors can be hard to diagnose find early. In studies of young women who received platinumbased chemotherapy for ovarian germ cell tumors gcts, 62 87% of 71 resumed regular menstrual function and 24 of these women delivered 37 children after chemotherapy. Images in pelvic mass in a young woman with a background. Endodermal sinus tumors of the ovary are particularly aggressive. Dysgerminoma of the ovary, journal of surgical oncology.
Dysgerminoma medigoo health tests and free medical. Full text full text is available as a scanned copy of the original print version. They affect young females, prevalently during childhood. Association of dysgerminoma is seen in 50% cases of gonadoblastomas. Crosssectional imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosis, tumor staging before surgical resection, and for planning adjuvant chemotherapy.
Ct characteristics of ovarian dysgerminoma springerlink. Dysgerminoma is the common est malignant ovarian germ cell tumor diagnosed in pregnancy. An impression of germ cell tumor of ovary, dysgerminoma was made. Discussion hemangiomas are benign vascular tumors that are rarely seen in the ovary. This is encapsulated with smooth or bossellated external surface. Other differentials include, yolk sac tumor, embryonal carcinoma, and sertoli cell tumors, all. This tumourbehaved differently from the rest, the teratomatous element pre dominating, and has been excluded from this series. Sunerwala ss, pande sc, shirvastava sk, dinshaw ka. At times modalities like doppler and mri can also lead to misdiagnoses. Dysgerminoma presentation solid, lobulated, and can be large 15% associated with mct associated with gonadal dysgenesis and gonadoblastoma high growth fraction, lymphatic spread tumor markers ldh, placental alkaline phosphatase survival overall 86% stage i 90%. The mass mostly occupied the posterior pelvic cavity and impacted into the douglas pouch as shown in fig. Huge ovarian dysgerminoma masquerading as a subserosal. Her left ovary was the size of a football the normal size is more like an almond. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 507k, or.
The biopsy from other ovary, peritoneal surface, omentum and paraarotic lymph nodes were negative for malignancy. Ovarian gonadoblastoma with dysgerminoma in a young girl. Dysgerminoma and pregnancy article pdf available in srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 14500. Ovarian dysgerminoma presenting with complications like torsion is a rare entity in the pediatric age group. Dysgerminoma in three patients with swyer syndrome world. Ovarian dysgerminomas primarily affect adolescents and young adults, with about 60% diagnosed in patients younger than 20 years median age at diagnosis.
Pdf ovarian dysgerminoma od is one of the most common malignant tumours of the ovarian germ cells, comprising 12% of all malignant. Gonadoblastoma gb is a rare mixed germ cellsex cordstromal tumour, first described in humans, commonly found in dysgenetic gonads of intersex patients that have a y chromosome. Dysgerminoma is a germ cell tumor and a type of malignant ovarian cancer. Ovarian dysgerminomas are a type of germ cell tumor of the ovary. There is also a section on normal cyclical changes observed in the ovary, uterus, cervix and vagina to compare normal physiological changes with pathological lesions. Germ cell tumors can arise from the ovary or from other locations of the body due to germ cell migration. Sixtyfive women with histologically proven pure ovarian dysgerminoma were identified in. They are the most common malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary and are thought to account for 1% of all ovarian neoplasms 5. Mogcts, which include dysgerminomas, immature teratomas, embryonal tumours and endodermal sinus. A dysgerminoma is a tumor of the ovary that is composed of primitive, undifferentiated germ cells. Pure dysgerminoma of the ovary is rare accounting for 0. It is usually seen in patients 30 years of age, but can be seen both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, albeit rarely.
In a study by weinberg et al, 40 women with malignant ovarian gcts were followed for reproductive outcomes. Canine ovarian gonadoblastoma with dysgerminoma overgrowth. The most common ovarian germ cell tumor is called dysgerminoma. Epidemiology they are rare ovarian tumors that occ. Clinical and morphological features of ovarian pure. The problem arises when dysgerminoma is diagnosed in women of reproductive age who have never given birth and require a surgical procedure. Amongst these tumours there are some groups, characterized by similar clinical, histological, and histogenic features, which stand out. Get a printable copy pdf file of the complete article 235k, or click on a page image below to browse page by page. Further evaluation of the mass with magnetic resonance imaging mri revealed a solid enhancing right ovarian mass, in addition to elevated serum lactate. A month later, she underwent surgery again because of the appearance of a residual tumour in the lodge of the removed ovary. They represent 4050% of all benign ovarian neoplasms. They are asymptomatic until complications such as torsion or rupture arise. Ovarian cancer is the second most frequent gynaecological cancer in nigeria ranking next after carcinoma of the cervix.
Content includes spontaneous and aging lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test materials. Necropsy showed metastatic involvement of the left lung, kidneys, liver, adrenals, left ovary, and right ovarian adnexa. Dysgerminoma usually occurs in adolescence and early adult life. Cut surface will be fleshy and solid, which is greywhite to yellowish. Herein, we describe a case of ovarian gonadoblastoma with proliferation of dysgerminoma. She had no other treatment but her ca125 is and was being monitored. Xray films of the chest showed little change in tumor size but some clearing of a left lower lung atelectasis. No followup of her pregnancy or history of ovarian dysgerminoma has been documented in her notes. Diagnosis of ovarian dysgerminoma during pregnancy scielo. Dysgerminoma ovary this is the ovarian counterpart of seminoma in males.
In the case of bulky infected lymphocoeles, or those associated with pain and compression of. After contrast medium administration, the solid component of the lesions. Pdf ovarian dysgerminoma disgerminom jajnika researchgate. More than 50% of the patients died within a year of diagnosis. Summary a case of dysgerminoma of the right ovary is reported in a twentyseven year old white female, who had been.
Dysgerminomas are malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary that most commonly occur in the adolescent population. Ovarian dysgerminoma is a common malignant tumor that comprises of ovarian germ cells. Background female malignant ovarian germ cell tumours mogcts are rare, but early diagnosis and multiagent chemotherapy are 1associated with high cure rates of 85. Comprehensive laparoscopic surgical staging of ovarian. Dysgerminoma definition of dysgerminoma by the free. Hi, i just wanted to say that my stepdaughter was diagnosed at 16 with ovarian dysgerminoma.
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